Moringa Oleifera Research

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Backg forget me drug of the field Chicken and Poultry Raising in the Philippines Among the poultry species utilized for nourish workforcet increaseion in the whole world, the bellyacher ranks as the most use fowl species. In fact, in the Philippines, dollyen is rootage in sparing importance as source of meats and eggss making weakly interacting massive particle br vegetable anointer and egg production as the most progressive animal enterprise in the country. Owing to this fact, this industry has been consider fitted attention in scientific researches and experimentation. hunting practices is a vital factor in snorten growth and development, and as such, victuals is the primary activity in this industry. As hooten ages, their sustainmental invite changes thus runing begins at Day 2 post hachure and continues in different amounts and kind of razzingen throws until the razzingens ar ready for reap and/or egg laying at Day 45. Chicken range s embroil different kinds such as chick crumbs, grower pellets, layer pellets and breeder pellets. Of different composition, these sensationalistic feeds be manufactured according to the necessitate of a rapidly growing chicken.With ample amounts of chicken feeds and water, proper nutrition for broiler chickens is ensured. Feed accouterments argon also employed to augment nutrition and offer handling to a flock of chickens. These subjoinings include g come downs, issues and ve depositables, grit, oyster shells, and even garlic. In fact, a number of foreign poultry farms utilize garlic to boost a flocks immune system by putting star or ii garlic cloves, unpeeled, uncrushed into the water and leaving it at that place until they borrow to sprout. Feed manufacturers and farmers alike always try to enhance their flocks health by utilizing proper feeds and supplements.Jackfruit, Malunggay and Mongo Beans Fruits and vegetables are excellent sources of nutrition and are natu ral energy boosters. These are absurd with nutrients, vitamins, minerals and amino acids for a equilibrate trunk growth and nutrition. Since time immemorial, these have been a ready health resource for mankindkind as both food stock and feed for their livestock. Jackfruit (Artocarpusheterophyllus or A. heteropylla) is a species of maneuver in the mulberry family (Moraceae), which is indigene to parts of Southern and Southeast Asia.It is believed indigenous to the rain forests of the westward Ghats of India. It is well up suited to humid tropical lowlands and near tropical climates. Its fruit is the enormousst corner-borne fruit in the world, reaching 80 pounds (36 kg) in load and up to 36 inches (90 cm) bulky and 20 inches (50 cm) in dia pulse. The pulp of the ripe tar whitethorn be eaten fresh or incorporated into fruit salad. The roots, which appeal to every tastes, are eaten when boiled or roasted. The habitus of the shit is starchy, fibrous and is a source of di etary fiber.The flavor is similar to a tart banana. Varieties of diddley are distinguished according to the characteristics of the fruits flesh. In Brazil, three varieties are recognized. These are jaca-dura, or hard variety, which has firm flesh and the largest fruits that can weigh amongst 15 to 40 kilograms each jaca-mole, or soft variety, which bears sm all in aller fruits, with softer and sweeter flesh and jaca-manteiga, or besidester variety, which bears sweet fruits, whose flesh has a consistency mediate between the hard and soft varieties.Moringa(Moringa oelifera), the side of meat name, which is called Malunggay in the Philippines and Sajina in Indian Subcontinent and South East Asia is a wonderful herb known all over the world. It is best known as an excellent source of nutrition and a natural energy booster. Malunggay leaves was once considered a poor mans vegetables but now it is known as a miracle tree or natures medicine cabinet by scientists and health care work ers from around the world because it is loaded with vitamins and minerals that can be an effective remedy against many a(prenominal) kinds of ailments.Other health benefits determine by people who use Moringa continue this same pattern immune system strengthened, skin condition restored, blood pressure controlled, headaches and migraines handled, diabetes sugar take look managed, inflammations and arthritis pains reduced, tumors restricted and ulcers healed. As loaded with nutrients, each ounce of Moringa contains seven around measure the Vitamin C found in oranges, four times the Vitamin A of carrots, three times the iron of spinach, four times as practically atomic number 20 as milk and three times the potassium of bananas. mung lofts are special Kly apply in Chinese cuisine, where they are called ludou (literally ballpark domed stadium), as well as in Burma (where it is called penauk or peti), Thailand, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, and Sout heast Asia. In Vietnam, they are called d? uxanh (again, literally puerile bean). In Indonesia, they are called kacanghijau or katjangidju, and are generally eaten either whole (with or without skins) or as bean sprouts, or utilise to make the dessert verdancy bean soup.The starch of mung beans is also extracted from them to make jellies and sheer or cellophane noodles. Mung beans are light yellow in pretense when their skins are removed. They can be do into mung bean feast by dehulling, cooking, and pulverizing the beans to a dry paste. In Hong Kong, dehulled mung beans and mung bean paste are made into ice cream or frozen ice pops. Mung bean paste is use as a common change for Chinese moon cakes in East chinaware and Taiwan. Also in China, the boiled and shelled beans are used as filling in glutinous rice dumplings eaten during the dragon boat festival.Aside from culinary purposes and providing health benefit to the people, these plants can also be utilized for early( a) essential purposes, i. e. as feed supplements for poultry raising, especially in the expose that clamour for organic farm-raised livestock and foodstock is rising. Consequently, the researchers believe that the knave disgorge dredge commingle with change malunggay leaves and monggo beans testament supply additional nutritional effect to moneymaking(prenominal)-gradeised feeds if used as a feed supplement.This ingest is cerebrate on determining the effect of the diddly seed dredge commingle with change malunggay leaves and monggo beans as feed supplement to mercenary chick feeds. The researchers aim to provide additional effective and cost efficient alter primaevals and supplements to chick feeds to service a very important economic industry in our country. contention of the Problem This research paper aims to determine the effect of the jackfruit seeds dredge assorted with dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans as supplement to mercantile chick feeds.Spe cifically, the content sought to answer the following questions 1. Is the jackfruit seed dredge mixed with dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans an effective supplement to technical chick feeds? 2. What benefits do chicks get from the jackfruit seed flour mixed with dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans as a feed supplement to commercial chick feeds? 3. Is on that point world-shaking end between the commercial feeds and the commercial feeds supplemented with jackfruit seed flour mixed with dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans?Significance of the reading The outcome of this take away will be significant to the following root of persons General Public. This study will provide the public added assurance of the good quality of feeds and feed supplements that poultry product in the market consumes. Community Leaders. This study will allow the society leaders to start programs that will spread the potence of jackfruit seed flour mixed with dried malunggay leaves and mon ggo beans as effective chicken feed supplements for the awareness of the public.Students, Instructors, and inquiryers. This study will benefit them the knowledge, skills and instruction necessary for distribution of the jackfruit seed flour mixed with dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans as chicken feed supplements and the associated facts about the intertwined discipline of recognition and agriculture. Scope and Delimitation of the Study The research study was conducted from June 2010 to March 2011 in the Nabua National High groom under the supervision of Ms. Neraldin Adela M. Deris, the research teacher.The research study was focused on testing the effect on broiler chicks ply with commercial chick feeds supplemented with flour medley made from jackfruit seed, dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans compared with chicks federal official with commercial chick feeds only. It was delimited on determining the effect of jackfruit seeds mixed with dried malunggay leaves and mo nggo beans as a supplement to commercial chick feeds. Definition of basis In the context of the study, the following terms were operationally and conceptually delineate to give substantial meaning and for easy understanding. Effect refers to something produced by an satisfy or cause.It is that which it is produced, usually much or less immediately and directly. mercantile chicken feeds are manufactured dry mash for poultry. Control group refers to the group of chicks used as test subject that were fed with commercial chicken feed only. data-based group refers to the group of chicks used as test subject that were fed with the commercial chicken feeds supplemented with jackfruit flour mixed with malunggay and monggo beans. Chapter II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES This chapter will inform the review of related literature, and conceptual frameworks of the study.The review of related literature will provide clear understanding regarding the variables organism studied fro m some other publish information the review of related studies will enumerate the similarities of variables of the show study from other studies the conceptual framework will place the correlation of variables and its delineated representation of the variables of the thesis. These elements that were enumerated above will serve as the building stop consonant and will give great process to support and understand more the background of this study.Early men and early researchers both foreign and local were able to recognize the therapeutic actions and properties of certain plants and started gathering, collecting and afterwardswards reproducing those plants in stack for in store(predicate) intentions. Some plants have recently attracted the attention of modern science because of their potential medicinal effect and benefits to human beings. At present, there are now large quantities of works, articles, books and readings published and compiled in bookstores, libraries and nowa daytimes can be easily found and are widely spread on the internet.These articles contained information and descriptions of the use of lots of identified and acknowledged useful plants in our ecosystem. Jackfuit, malunggay and monggo beans drop dead to these known useful plants since it has many identified nutrients and effective therapeutic actions to human beings. Jackfruit (Artocarpus Heterophyllus) It is commonly used as a cuisine in Southeast Asian and South Asian countries. In South India, the jackfruit is a frequent food ranking after mango and banana. They are large trees often reaching 60 feet (20 m) in nature. It is a native to south western of India, Philippines, Sri Lanka and east of Malaysia.It is believed that jackfruits origin to the rainforests of the Western Ghat of India. It was introduced to into northern Brazil in the mid of 19th and became very popular there. The jackfruit tree is believed to be indigenous to the south western rain forests of India. It is wid ely cultivated in the tropical regions of Indian subcontinent, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Brazil for its fruit, seeds and wood. The tree grows best under tropical humid and rainy regions but rarely survives cold and frosty conditions, grows to as mettlesome as 30 meters, high than the mango tree.During the season, each tree bears as many as 250 large fruits, supposed to be thelargest tree-borne fruit in the world. The fruit varies widely in size, weigh from 3 to 30 kg and has oblong or round shape measuring 10 cm to 60 cm in length, 25 to 75 cm in diameter. The unripe fruits are green in tinge when ripen, might turn to light brown colorize and gives pungent smell. Likedurian fruit, its outer surface is covered with mute thorn like projections which become soft in ripened fruit. The interior(a) consists of orange-yellow colored edible bulbs. apiece bulb consists of sweet flavored sheaths that enclose a smooth, oval, light-brown color seed. Jack fruit seed is 2 to 4 cm l ong and 1 to 3 cm thick and is white and crisp within. in that location may be as many as one hundred to d edible bulbs embedded in a single fruit interspersed between thin bands of fibers. Almost all the parts of the tree gives white viscous latex like juice when injured. The fruit is made of soft, easily predigested flesh (bulbs) with simple sugars like fructose and sucrose that wheneaten replenishes energy and revitalizes the body instantly.Jack-fruit is rich in dietary fiber, which makes it a good bulk laxative. Mung Bean Also known as green bean, choroko (in Swahili), mung, mongo, moong, moog (whole) or moog decaliter (split) (in Bengali, Marathi), mash bean, munggo or monggo, green gram, golden gram, and green soy, is the seed of genus Vigna radiate which is native toBangladesh,India, and Pakistan. The split bean is known aspesara(Telugu), which is green with the husk, and yellow when dehusked. The beans are small, ovoid in shape, and green in color. The English word mun g derives from the Hindimung.The mung bean is one of many species recently moved from thegenusPhaseolustoVigna, and is still often seen cited as Phaseolusaureus or Phaseolusradiates. Moringa Oleifera Commonly referred to as Shojne inBengali, Munagakaya inTelugu, Shevaga inMarathi& Nuggekai in Kannada, Moringa(fromTamilMurungai,MalayalamMashingasanga,KonkaniMuringa), is the most widely cultivated species of the genusMoringa, which is the only genus in the family Moringaceae. It is an exceptionally nutritious vegetable tree witha variety of potential uses.The tree itself is rather slender, with drooping branchesthat grow to approximately 10 m in height. In cultivation, it is often cut back annually to 1 meter or less and allowed to regrow so that pods and leaves remain within arms reach. Theim arisegreen pods called drumstick are probably the most valued and widely used part of the tree. They are commonly consumed in India and are generally hustling in a similar fashion togreen be ansand have a slightasparagustaste. The seeds are sometimes removed from more mature pods and eaten likepeasor roasted likenuts.The leaves are highlynutritious, being a significant source ofbeta-carotene,Vitamin C,protein,iron, andpotassium. 5The leaves are cooked and used likespinach. In addition to being used fresh as a make out for spinach, its leaves are commonly dried and crushed into a gun powderise, and used in soups and sauces. Murungakai, as it is locally known in Tamil NaduandKerala, is used inSiddha medicine. The tree is a goodsource for calcium orus. In Siddha medicines, these drumstick seeds are used as a sexualvirilitydrug for treatingerectile dysfunction in men and also in women for prolonging sexual activity.Moringa leaves and pods are helpful in change magnitude breast milk in the breast aliment months. One tablespoon of leaf powder provides 14% of the protein, 40% of the calcium, 23% of the iron and most of the vitamin A needs of a child aged one to three. Six ta blespoons of leaf powder will provide nearly all of the womans daily iron and calcium needs during pregnancy and breast nutriment. The Moringa seeds yield 3840%edible oil(calledben oilfrom the high concentration of behenic acid contained in the oil). Therefined oilis clear, odorless, and resistsrancidityat least as well as any other botanical oil.The seed cake remaining after oil blood may be used as afertilizeror as a flocculent to purify water. The bark,sap, roots, leaves, seeds, oil, and flowers are used intraditional medicinein several countries. In Jamaica, the sap is used for a bluedye. Chicken Feeds Feed comes in three formscrumbles, pellets, andmash. Research has shown that chickens grow and lay better on crumbles (commonly used for finisher rations and some adult feeds). Pellets (usually used for adult birds) are the second-best, whereas mash is the least-preferred although the most common for newcomer rations. Starter rations for chicksThe ration forlayer-breed chicks, u sually called starter rations, should be 20 percent protein. From the time they start eating, meat chicks need a high protein feed of about 22 to 24 percent protein for the introductory hexad weeks. Its called meat bird starter or broiler starter. Cornish X Rock crosses (Broiler chickens) grow extremely quickly and require precise diets. after the first six weeks, the protein percentage for these birds can be lowered to 18 to 20 percent until theyre butchered. Meat bird or broiler grower-finisher is generally a label aimed at meat birds in their last weeks.Grower and finisher rations shouldnt contain antibiotics because these can be carried into the meat. Synthesis of the State-of-the-art The flow rate study The Effect of jackfruit seed flour mixed with dried malunggay leaves and mongo beans as chicken feed supplement has similarities in some aspects to the antecedent studies carried out by other health and agricultural researchers. For example, the seed of the jackfruit as alt ernative flour, the process or order of preparation used and the objective of the researcher why it was the chosen topic to be studied. The present study was similar to the previous research by T.Papazyan and P. Surai who studied the effectuate of Selenium feed supplementation on chick growth and development. The study mentioned evaluated the effects of Selenium supplementation on growing chicks. The balance of the present study to the previously mentioned study is that the present study will underscore on jackfruit, malunggay and monggo bean flour mix as feed supplement on commercial feeds and its effects be studied upon based on the chicks weight changes. Conceptual Framework Assumptions of the Study The study will be conducted in the following assumptions that 1.The jackfruit seed flour mixed with dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans is effective as a commercial chicken feed supplement. 2. The jackfruit seed flour mixed with dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans would he lp the chicken and poultry raisers consider a healthier and organic feed supplement to commercially manufactured ones. Null Hypothesis (H0) at that place is no significant difference in weight of chicks fed with commercial chick feeds supplemented with flour alloy of jackfruit seed, dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans and the weight of chicks fed with commercial feeds only.Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) There is significant difference in weight of chicks fed with commercial chick feeds supplemented with flour mixture of jackfruit seed, dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans and the weight of chicks fed with commercial feeds only. Chapter III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research manner The study made use of the experimental method to assess the effectiveness of jackfruit seed flour mixed with dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans. The experimental method comprised the systematic procedure that was used in the course of the present study.Preparation of the Jackfruit, Malunggay and Mo ngo Beans dredge Mixture Preparation of the individual ingredient of the flour mixture is first done separately. The jackfruit seeds were first boiled to easily remove the seed coat. After removing the seed coat, the seeds were ground into a pulp, sieved, and oven baked until it was ready to be grounded into flour like consistency. The malunggay leaves on the other hand were sun-dried first until it was ready to be finely grounded and sieved. The monggo beans underwent the same procedure as the jackfruit seeds. When all the three components were ready they were evenly mixed.Preparation of Flour The experimental Set-up two groups of two day old broiler chicks of almost equal weight made up of 15 chicks each were used. The control group were fed with commercial chick feeds, specifically chick starter feeds, without the flour mixture supplement. The experimental group were fed with chick starter feeds with the flour mixture supplement. Each group were fed ad libitum (ie, spontaneous ly, without any fixed hours or times in a day) for 10 days (from day 3 to day 13 post hatching). Each chick were weighed in the beginning the battery of feeding began each day from Day 1 to Day 10.Chapter IV RESULTS AND password Table 1. 1. The Experimental Group. press (g) of chicks fed with commercial chick starter feeds with jackfruit, malunggay and monggo beans flour mixture supplement Chick Mass in grams (g) in advance intercession(Day 1) After Treatment(Day 10) diversionary attack (D) D2 1 84 97 13 169 2 84 97 13 169 3 84 96 12 revenue 4 84 98 14 196 5 84 96 12 receipts 6 84 97 13 169 7 84 97. 5 13. 5 182. 25 8 84 96 12 144 9 84 97 13 169 10 84 98 14 196 11 84 97 13 169 12 84 97. 5 13. 5 182. 25 13 84 97 13 169 4 84 98 14 196 15 84 97. 8 13. 8 190. 44 ?D= 196. 8 ? D2= 2588. 94 Table 1. 2. The Control Group. Mass (g) of chicks fed with commercial chick starter feeds without supplements Chick Mass in grams (g) Before Treatment(Day 1) After Treatment(Day 10) Deviation (D ) D2 1 84 92 8 64 2 84 92 8 64 3 84 93. 5 9. 5 90. 25 4 84 92. 5 8. 5 72. 25 5 84 93 9 81 6 84 93 9 81 7 84 93 9 81 8 84 92. 5 8. 5 72. 25 9 84 93 9 81 10 84 93 9 81 11 84 93. 2 9. 2 84. 64 12 84 92. 5 8. 5 72. 25 13 84 93 9 81 4 84 94 10 100 15 84 93 9 81 ?D= 133. 2 ? D2= 1186. 64 Table 1. 3. T-test for two independent samples TREATMENT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Experimental Group 13 13 12 14 12 13 13. 5 12 13 14 13 13. 5 13 14 13. 8 Control Group 8 8 9. 5 8. 5 9 9 9 8. 5 9 9 9. 2 8. 5 9 10 9 Table 1. 4. X1 X12 X2 X22 13 169 8 64 13 169 8 64 12 144 9. 5 96. 25 14 196 8. 5 72. 25 12 144 9 81 13 169 9 81 13. 5 182. 25 9 81 12 144 8. 5 72. 25 13 169 9 81 14 196 9 81 13 169 9. 2 84. 64 3. 5 182. 25 8. 5 72. 25 13 169 9 81 14 196 10 100 13. 8 190. 44 9 81 ?X1=196. 8 ? X12=2588. 94 ? X2=133. 8 ? X22=1186. 64 The statistical mechanism used in the research study was the t-test. The useless hypothesis (H0) is that there is no significant difference in weight of chicks fed wit h commercial chick feeds supplemented with flour mixture of jackfruit seed, dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans and the weight of chicks fed with commercial feeds only. The alternative hypothesis (Ha) is there is significant difference in weight of chicks fed with commercial hick feeds supplemented with flour mixture of jackfruit seed, dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans and the weight of chicks fed with commercial feeds only. The result from the statistical treatment is the metrical t is larger than the t critical so the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha)is accepted. It is found that the flour mixture of jackfruit seed, dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans is effective as a feed supplement to commercially manufactured chick starter feeds. Findings The following findings were drawn from the research. 1.That there is significant difference between the weights of the chicks of the experimental and control group before and after feeding. Th e chicks of the experimental group, that is, those fed with chicken starter feeds with the jackfruit, malunggay and monggo beans flour mixture were found to be heavier than those of the control group. 2. The alternative hypothesis is accepted that there is significant difference in weight of chicks fed with commercial chick feeds supplemented with flour mixture of jackfruit seed, dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans and the weight of chicks fed with commercial feeds only.Conclusion With the context of the findings of this study, the researchers conclude that the jackfruit seed flour mixed with dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans is an effective chicken feed supplement. Recommendation Based on the findings and conclusions, it is recommended that the future researchers should add new ideas that would enhance the effectiveness of the product. References/ Bibliography Internet References http//www. malunggay. com/description. htm http//www. philippineherbalmedicine. org/malunggay . htm http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/mungbean http//en. ikipedia. org/wiki/jackfruitflour http//hubpages. com/hub/Health-Benefits-of-Malunggay-Leaves http//www. dummies. com/how-to/content/how-to-buy-healthy-chicks-for-raising-chickens. hypertext markup language http//professorchicken. webs. com/timelineofachicken. htm http//professorchicken. webs. com/feeding. htm http//www. bar. gov. ph/agfishtech/livestock/chickenproduction. aspintro http//journals. cambridge. org/action/displayAbstract? fromPage=online& maintenance=4822704 http//www. cabi. org/animalscience/Uploads/File/AnimalScience/additionalFiles/WPSAStrasbourgAug2007/109. pdfBibliography Ahmed, K. , M. Malek, K. Jahan and K. Salamatullah 1986. Nutritive value of nourishment Stuff 3rd edn fetch of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh,pp 16-17. Burkill, H. M. , 1997. The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa. Vol. 4, 2ndEdn. Royal botanic Gardens, Kew, pp 160-161. Hossain, M. K. , M. AzizurRahman, A. K. M. MatiorRahman and A. JabbarMian, 1990. Some low molecular weight compounds isolated and characterized from jackfruit ( Artocarpusheterophyllus). J. Bang. Acad. Sci. , 14 49-56. M. O. Smith and R. G. Teeter (1993).Effects of feed intake and environmental temperature on chick growth and development. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 121, pp 421-425 Rahman, A. K. M. M. ,E. Huq, A. J. Mian and A. Chesson, 1995. Microscopic and chemical changes occurring during the ripening of two forms of jackfruit (Artocarpusheterophyllus L). Food Chem. , 65 91-97. Selvaraj, Y. and D. K. Pal,1989. Biochemical changes during ripening of jackfruit (Artocarpusheterophyllus L). J. Food Sci. Tec. , 26304-307. Appendices Jackfruit Seeds Malunggay Leaves Monggo Seeds E X P E R I M E N T A L C O N T R O L The ExperimentControl Setup Chick Mass of the chicks in grams (g) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 84 86 86. 5 87 87. 5 88 88. 5 89 90 92 2 84 85 85. 5 86 86. 5 87 88 89. 5 90 92 3 84 85 86 86. 5 87 87. 5 88 89 91 93. 5 4 84 85 85. 8 86. 3 87. 5 88 88. 5 89. 3 90 92. 5 5 84 85 85. 8 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 6 84 85 85 86 87. 5 88. 5 89 90. 3 91 93 7 84 86 86. 5 87 87. 5 88 89 90 91 93 8 84 85. 5 86 86. 5 87 88 88. 5 89. 8 90. 5 92. 5 9 84 84. 5 85. 5 86 87 88. 3 89 90 91 93 10 84 85 86 86. 87 87. 5 88 89. 5 90. 3 93 11 84 85 86 86. 5 87. 5 88 89 90 91 93. 5 12 84 86 85 87 87. 3 88 89 90. 5 91 92. 5 13 84 86 86 86 87. 5 88. 3 89 90 91. 3 93 14 84 85 85. 5 85. 5 86 87 89 90 91. 5 94 15 84 85. 5 86 86 86. 5 87 88 89. 3 90 93 Experimental Setup Chick Mass of the chicks in grams (g) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 84 86 88 89 90. 1 91 93 93. 8 94. 5 96. 5 2 84 86 87 88 89. 5 90. 5 92 92. 5 93 97 3 84 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 96 4 84 86 87. 5 89 90 91. 5 92. 93 95 97. 5 5 84 86 88 90 92 92 93 93. 5 94 96 6 84 86. 5 87. 5 88. 5 89 90 91 92 94. 5 96. 5 7 84 86 88 89 90 91 92 93 95 97. 5 8 84 87 88 88. 8 90. 5 91 92 93 95 96 9 84 86 86. 5 88 90 91. 5 93 94 96 97. 5 10 84 85 86 87. 5 89 90 91. 5 92 95 96 11 84 87 88 89 90 91 90 93 94. 5 97 12 84 86. 5 87 88 89. 5 90 91 92. 5 94 97. 5 13 84 86 87 88. 5 89. 5 90. 5 90. 5 92 95 97 14 84 86 86. 8 88 90 90 90 92 94 96 15 84 86 88 89 90 91 91 93 94. 5 97. 8 Control GroupChick Mass in grams (g) Before Treatment After Treatment Deviation (D) D2 1 84 92 8 64 2 84 92 8 64 3 84 93. 5 9. 5 90. 25 4 84 92. 5 8. 5 72. 25 5 84 93 9 81 6 84 93 9 81 7 84 93 9 81 8 84 92. 5 8. 5 72. 25 9 84 93 9 81 10 84 93 9 81 11 84 93. 2 9. 2 84. 64 12 84 92. 5 8. 5 72. 25 13 84 93 9 81 14 84 94 10 100 15 84 93 9 81 ?D= 133. 2 ? D2= 1186. 64 Experimental Group Chick Mass in grams (g) Before Treatment After Treatment Deviation (D) D2 1 84 97 13 169 2 84 97 13 169 84 96 12 144 4 84 98 14 196 5 84 96 12 144 6 84 97 13 169 7 84 97. 5 13. 5 182. 25 8 84 96 12 144 9 84 97 13 169 10 84 98 14 196 11 84 97 13 169 12 84 97. 5 13. 5 182. 25 13 84 97 13 169 14 84 98 14 196 15 84 97. 8 13. 8 190. 44 ?D= 196. 8 ? D2= 2588. 94 Computation H0 = There is no significant difference in weight of chicks fed with commercial chick feeds supplemented with flour mixture of jackfruit seed, dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans and the weight of chicks fed with commercial feeds only.Ha = There is significant difference in weight of chicks fed with commercial chick feeds supplemented with flour mixture of jackfruit seed, dried malunggay leaves and monggo beans and the weight of chicks fed with commercial feeds onlyThere is significant difference between the mass of chicks before and after feeding of the prepared flour mixture. Control group a. ?d2 = ? d2 (? D)2N = 1186. 64 (133. 2)215 = 1186. 64 (17742. 24)15 = 1186. 64 1182. 816 = 3. 824 b. SD = ? d2N( N-1) = 3. 82415(14) = 3. 284210 = 0. 0182095 SD = 0. 1349 c. D = ? DN = 133. 215 = 8. 88 d. t = DSD = 8. 880. 349 = 65. 8265 df = 5 ? 0. 05 t critical = t0. 05 = 2. 571 Since the computed/ cipher t is larger than the t critical (tcalculated > tcritical), reject H0 and accept Ha. last There is significant diffe rence between the mass of chicks before and after feeding of the commercial starter chicks feeds supplemented with the prepared flour mixture Experimental group a. ?d2 = ? d2 (? D)2N =2588. 94 (196. 8)215 =2588. 94 38730. 2415 =2588. 94 2582. 016 = 6. 924 b. SD = ? d2N( N-1) = 6. 92415(14) = 6. 924210 = 0. 0329714 SD = 0. 1816 c. D = ? DN = 196. 815 = 13. 12 d. t = DSD = 13. 20. 1816 = 72. 2467 df = 5 ? 0. 05 t critical = t0. 05 = 2. 571 Since the computed/calculated t is larger than the t critical (tcalculated > tcritical), reject H0 and accept Ha. decisiveness There is significant difference between the mass of chicks before and after feeding of commercial chicken starter feeds supplemented with the prepared flour mixture. T-test for two independent samples TREATMENT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Prepared flour mixture 13 13 12 14 12 13 13. 5 12 13 14 13 13. 5 13 14 13. 8 Chicken feeds 8 8 9. 5 8. 5 9 9 9 8. 9 9 9. 2 8. 5 9 10 9 X1 X12 X2 X22 13 169 8 64 13 169 8 64 12 144 9. 5 96. 25 14 196 8. 5 72. 25 12 144 9 81 13 169 9 81 13. 5 182. 25 9 81 12 144 8. 5 72. 25 13 169 9 81 14 196 9 81 13 169 9. 2 84. 64 13. 5 182. 25 8. 5 72. 25 13 169 9 81 14 196 10 100 13. 8 190. 44 9 81 ?X1=196. 8 ? X12=2588. 94 ? X2=133. 8 ? X22=1186. 64 x1 = ? X1N1 = 196. 815 = 13. 12 x2 = ? X2N2 = 133. 815 = 8. 92 Sx1-x2 = ? X12- ? X1? N1 + ? X22- ? X2? N2 N1+N2-21N1+1N2 =2588. 94- 196. 8? 15+ 1186. 64- 133. 8? 15 15+15-2 one hundred fifteen+115 =2588. 94- 38730. 415+ 1186. 64- 17902. 4415 15+15-2115+115 =2588. 94-2582. 016+1186. 64-1193. 496 15+15-2115+115 =6. 924+-6. 85628115+115 =0. 06828115+115 =0. 002429+215 =0. 002429+0. 1333 = 0. 135729 = 0. 3684 Since SC=x? -x? Sx1-x2 =13. 12-8. 920. 3684 =4. 20. 3684 = 11. 4007 tcritical = 2. 571 tcalculated = 11. 4007 Since the computed/calculated t is larger than the t critical (tcalculated > tcritical), reject H0 and accept Ha. Decision There is significant difference between the mass of chicks before and after feeding of the commercial chick starter feeds supplemented with the prepasred flour mixture.