Mary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Modern Prometheus

In Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein; Or, the Modern Prometheus: The Original 1818 Text Third Edition she presents the story of a man named Victor Frankenstein and his creation. The story is told through Robert Walton, a man at sea who meets the estranged Victor Frankenstein and shares Victor’s story to his sister, Margaret Saville through a series of letters. Through these letters we get an insight into the life of the Frankenstein family as well as the relationship Victor has built with his creature. Although Victor was very selfish, and only did things that were in his best interest, his predetermined life and his family played a huge role in his expectations when creating his monster. From an early age, Victor’s family had clear†¦show more content†¦From such a young age, Victor and Elizabeth have been told they are expected to marry one another to fulfill their mother’s dying wish. While Victor goes on a mad search at sea to find his creature, Eliz abeth is expected to stay at home and wait for his return so they can partake in their union. Later on, as Victor begins to recover from his sickness, his father expresses to him, â€Å"‘I confess, my son, that I have always looked forward to your marriage with your cousin as the tie of our domestic comfort, and the stay of my declining years. You were attached to each other from your earliest infancy; you studied together, and appeared, in dispositions and tastes, entirely suited to one another’† (Shelley, 162). This lack of decision making in Victor’s own life led to his longing for power and how he believed that he would be able to control his creature with no objection. After Victor is sent to Ingolstadt to continue his studies and learn about the cultural norms of others. He learns about life and believes he has discovered a way to create life itself. Victor believes he can create a being from various discarded limbs and boast to the world about his creation. Victor being selfish, longs for the fame and notoriety that will come from his invention, â€Å"What had been the study and desire of the wisest men since the creation of the world, was now within my grasp† (Shelley, 79). Robert Walton shares Victor’s account of his creation in a letter to Margaret Saville inShow MoreRelatedMary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Modern Prometheus912 Words   |  4 Pagesrefer to Mary Shelley s masterpiece Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus as a starting point to drive the question: what it means to be human. Mary Shelley s Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus suggests the possibility of reconstructing a broader approach towards scientific disco very by portraying the dangers of blindly pursuing scientific knowledge done so by the modern Prometheus that is Victor Frankenstein. Thomas Vargish in Technology and Impotence in Mary Shelley s Frankenstein statesRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Modern Prometheus1342 Words   |  6 Pagesthere is no doubt in the connection of the Greek God Prometheus and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, as the title of the book states: Frankenstein, or the modern Prometheus. Shelley made sure that the readers knew that Frankenstein is to be seen as the modern Prometheus, and all things in her book connect Frankenstein to the Greek God that shaped Humanity. In this essay is stated that Frankenstein is indeed as Shelley meant, the modern Prometheus. Reasoning behind this is of how Frankenstein’s and Prometheus’sRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Modern Prometheus871 Words   |  4 PagesThe title of Mary Shelley s novel is Frankenstein; or the Modern Prometheu s. So it shouldn t come as a shock that Mary Shelley was actually influenced by this tale. Her husband Percy Shelley had actually begun composing his own tale of Prometheus in the form of poetry entitled, Prometheus Unbound. He began composing this piece around the same time that his wife was publishing Frankenstein. Mary Shelley included The Modern Prometheus as part of her title for the novel and she attempts to compareRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein, And The Modern Prometheus3901 Words   |  16 Pages â€Å"Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus†, by Mary Wollstonecraft (Godwin) Shelley Mary Shelley s novel Frankenstein is best known for its influence in popular culture through many film adaptations. It is in fact, however, one of the great novels of ideas. Write an essay that discusses in what sense you think it is a novel of ideas. What are its claims about human reason and human nature? Shelley explores some aspects of human nature, specifically human lust for power and the unfortunate way weRead MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Modern Prometheus1316 Words   |  6 Pages Monstrosity in Marry Shelley s â€Å"Frankenstein† Mary Shelley s â€Å"Frankenstein† or â€Å"The Modern Prometheus† is an examination of monstrosity in all of its forms. Written during a time in which scientific, political and economical upheaval, the novel depicts mans desire to uncover every secret in the universe, while confirming the importance of the emotions that make us human, instead of monsters. But, what is considered to be a monster? When one thinks of a monster the first thing that comes to mindRead MoreMary Shelley ´s Frankenstein; Or, the Modern Prometheus, an Analysis of the Subtitle1219 Words   |  5 Pagesof creation.† (Shelley 37). Ab initio Victor Frankenstein, the main protagonist, is being put on a level with Prometheus through the subtitle. An indication that Mary Shelley did indeed have the myth in mind as she wrote the novel, is not only her subtitle, but moreover the parallels between the Prometheus myth and Frankenstein, which are undeniable. The title itself gives a lot away of th e story which follows. It links the modern world with the ancient Greek myth. Victor Frankenstein â€Å"steals† theRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Modern Prometheus1141 Words   |  5 Pagessomeone, do you think that you would take that chance? Prometheus is a Greek God who gave mankind fire, which had been stolen from Mount Olympus. â€Å"Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus,† by Mary Shelley is about a man name Victor Frankenstein who creates a â€Å"monster† and tells the story of the lives of each character, and the conflict between Frankenstein and his creation. Victor Frankenstein tried to play God in â€Å"Frankenstein, the Modern Prometheus,† by creating a his own specimen, giving his creationRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein : A Modern Prometheus822 Words   |  4 PagesAllusions in Frankenstein: A Modern Prometheus Mary Shelley’s cautionary horror tale, Frankenstein: A Modern Prometheus, portrays the deadly consequences of callous indifference to life. Throughout the novel, Shelley employs allusions to the Prometheus myth, Paradise Lost, and â€Å"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.† Through these allusions, Shelley illustrates the creature’s yearning for love and acceptance, and Victors lack of love and compassion which leads to his ultimate destruction. In the firstRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Modern Prometheus1291 Words   |  6 Pages Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, also known as The Modern Prometheus, is a gothic science fiction novel set in the eighteenth century. Though the story starts off with letters narrated by Robert Walton, who hopes to find a new passage from Russia to the Pacific Ocean, the main protagonist in the story is Victor Frankenstein. Victor Frankenstein was a swiss boy, born in Geneva, who grew up with a passion to find the â€Å"secret of life.† After attended the university at Ingolstadt and learning everythingRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein - The Modern Prometheus946 Words   |  4 PagesFrankenstein by Mary Shelley is a Gothic novel which revolves around the concept of men overtaking the role of God by attempting to create life, which is successfully depicted through the character of Victor Frankenstein who creates and brings life to the â€Å"monster†, unaware of its consequences and responsibility. Similarly, the mythological story of â€Å"Prometheus† re volves around the young Titan who in attempts to help mankind, wages war with Jupiter by providing men with fire and how to utilize it Mary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Modern Prometheus If you had the chance to be â€Å"God† to someone, do you think that you would take that chance? Prometheus is a Greek God who gave mankind fire, which had been stolen from Mount Olympus. â€Å"Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus,† by Mary Shelley is about a man name Victor Frankenstein who creates a â€Å"monster† and tells the story of the lives of each character, and the conflict between Frankenstein and his creation. Victor Frankenstein tried to play God in â€Å"Frankenstein, the Modern Prometheus,† by creating a his own specimen, giving his creation hope, and trying to kill his creation Victor Frankenstein played God by creating a specimen and giving it life. â€Å"Monster one is the knowledge that victor uses to create the monster. That knowledge is†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"With an anxiety that almost amounted to agony, I collected the instruments of life around me, that I might infuse a spark of being into the lifeless thing that la y at my feet. It was already one in the morning; the rain pattered dismally against the panes, and my candle was nearly burnt out, when, by the glimmer of the half-extinguished light, I saw the dull yellow eye of the creature open; it breathed hard, and a convulsive motion agitated its limbs,† (Shelley, Page 26). This quote from the book demonstrates the moment of the monsters beginning of its life. Frankenstein played the ultimate God-like action by actually giving this collection of dead body part life. Overall, Victor Frankenstein played God by creating a new specimen and giving it life. Not only did Victor Frankenstein create this new specimen and give it life, but he also played God by giving his creation hope and a reason to live. â€Å"He sees Victor in the mountains and invites him to a cave to talk by his fire,† (Shmoop editorial team). The monster had spoken out to his creator, Victor Frankenstein, and wanted to get something out of him. The monster was unhapp y about something, and therefore looked to the human who gave it all to him to begin with. â€Å"He ask Victor to create him an equally ugly companion, promising to take her to South America away from the rest of the world,† (Shmoop editorial team). From this, Frankenstein

Racial Profiling by Law Enforcement Essay - 756 Words

Just what is racial profiling? Racial profiling is a law enforcement and security agency practice that encourages officers to stop, search, and investigate people based on race, ethnicity, nationality or religion. While racial profiling is most commonly committed against ethnic minorities, many instances of racial profiling occur in reaction to specific crimes, making any racial or cultural group subject to more intensive scrutiny by the authorities. (ebscohost.com) This is what I think bout racial profiling, it like it occurs when the police targets someone for investigation on the basis of that persons race, national origin, or ethnicity. Examples are the use of race to determine which drivers to stop for minor traffic†¦show more content†¦Innocent people are being arrested and even killed on suspicions and because they fit the profile. Blacks have been the main suspects of racial profiling. Tens of thousands of black motorist on highways across the country are victims of racial profiling. Black drivers account for 26.2 percent of stops resulting from the tallying computers, the numbers of entries made were about 659,000 short from the number or citations issued (www.washington.com). A more than likely explanation is that the officers are not filling out the forms. The officers couldnt be trusted to log the correct information on the forms. This program is unacceptable and inaccurate being that the data was collected improperly. Similarly, to control the racial profile of foreigners, the national government thought of providing national ID cards. This plan too would do little to combat terrorism or reduce profiling. Conflict theory maintains that the privileged, acting on the perception of threat, will use the crime control apparatus of the state to restrain and limit those who threaten their interests. Practically, this means that one should expect more aggressive law enforcement practices in areas with greater percentages of poor and non-White citizens. This ‘threat hypothesis’ has been tested in several areas of American policing. (M. Petrocelli/ Journal of Criminal Justice 31) A solution that everyone can use to prevent racialShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling And The Law Enforcements1418 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Review This paper outlines the studies, incidents, facts and statistics that have found evidence of racial profiling which causes distrust in the law enforcements (police, government etc0. Studies of racial profiling shows that blacks, Hispanics, Middle Eastern and other racial minorities are more likely to be stopped than those who are white. They are more likely to be stopped and searches, traffic stops, license and registration checks. In addition they are more likely to be ticketedRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Law Enforcement Essay1854 Words   |  8 PagesRacial profiling is used by many Americans in the united states. Blacks, whites and mexicans all use racial profiling. Their profiling is much different then you could say is used by police enforcement today. Minorities are high on the list of racial profiling by police in today s society. This has caused many issues with minorities and police enforcement relations since police use this as a way of controlling crime rates in ma ny cities. With this paper it will be to show and scrutinize every aspectRead MoreRacial Profiling And Law Enforcement1770 Words   |  8 Pages1 March 2015 Racial Profiling in Law Enforcement The topic racial profiling is an ongoing debate that is currently being argued in America. Before being able to help understand the faults of racial profiling, one must know what it is. According to the National Institute of Justice, racial profiling in law enforcement â€Å"is commonly defined as a practice that targets people for suspicion of crime based on their race, ethnicity, religion or national origin† (â€Å"Racial Profiling†). Racial brutality tendsRead MoreDo Law Enforcements Practice Racial Profiling983 Words   |  4 PagesDo Law Enforcements practice Racial Profiling in Street-Level Crime in the country? This inquiry persists to be the main deliberation by the experts, and it is the question that convoys the research. In â€Å"The Reality of Racial Profiling†, The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights shows absolute statistical report evidences from Department of Labor’s Bureau of Justice that proves the existence of Racial Profiling on the country’s highways. The year 2005 data resulted that Black and HispanicRead MoreEssay on Racial Profiling by Law Enforcement is Not Justified1063 Words   |  5 PagesWhen we are children we are taught not to judge a book by its cover, for most of us this is easier said than done. Racial profiling is something that affects millions of people in the United States alone. Seemingly innocent people are being targeted solely by the color of their skin and their nationality. Whether racial profiling somebody is appropriate or not is a topic widely discussed by individuals everywhere. The question is however, is it right to judge somebody just because they look differentRead MoreRacial Profiling by Law Enforcement is Unjustifiable Essay 1318 Words   |  6 Pagesthe way people perceive other individuals. Racial profiling, a term used more frequently when dealing with law enforcement, is defined as â€Å"any action undertaken for reasons of safety, security or public protection that relies on stereotypes about race, colour, ethnicity, ancestry, religion, or place of origin rather than on reasonable suspicion, to single out an individual for greater scrutiny or different treatment† (CBC). An analysis of racial profiling in Marita Golden’s After reveals aspects ofRead MoreRacial Profiling Is A Threat Law Enforcement Tool Essay2119 Words   |  9 PagesOne issue that has been prevalent throughout the world in policing is racial profiling. This issue is highly controversial across the world because there are many people who believe racial profiling is a legitimate law enforcement tool, but there are just as many people who believe racial profiling is pure racism. Racial Profiling is using someone’ s racial or ethnic characteristics to suspect someone of committing or is going to commit a crime. Since our society isn’t all just one specific type ofRead More Law enforcement and the Prevalence of Racial Profiling Toward Youth of Color in the City of Chicago2733 Words   |  11 Pages Law enforcement and the Prevalence of Racial Profiling Toward Youth of Color in the City of Chicago Introduction Mass incarceration has become a youth phenomenon in Black and Latino Communities. Ninety-five percent of all juveniles sent to adult court are youth of color (Rios, 2006). This disproportionate number of incarcerated youth starts with the policing, surveillance, and targeting of these groups by law enforcement. The issue that will be discussed in this paper is the high rate atRead MoreEthical Issues in Film1518 Words   |  7 PagesRacial profiling is a term society has become familiar with in the past few years; however, it is not a new phenomenon. Racial profiling according to Fredrickson, occurs when law enforcement officials rely on race, skin color, and/or ethnicity as an indication of criminality, reasonable suspicion, or probable cause, except when it is part of the description of a particular suspect (1). There are many opposing views on racial profiling; some believe it to be a useful tool used by law enforcementRead MoreRacial Profiling And Violates Human Rights Essay966 Words   |  4 PagesIs Racial Profiling Justiciable Under Certain Circumstances? Racial profiling has been a longstanding argument in law enforcement practices for a number of years in American society. Often it divides and alienates communities from law enforcements while hindering police efforts to control crimes and protect civilians. Many civil right groups argue that racial profiling is ineffective and violates human rights. However after September 11th, it appears that the practice has become much more prominent

Hand Hygiene Moments by Heath Care Workers

Question: Discuss about the Hand Hygiene Moments by Heath Care Workers. Answer: Introduction: Maintenance of hand hygiene in the healthcare sectors have been a leading concern in all the nations over the world. Different researches over the years have shown how patients have become the prey of infectious diseases accounting for about 5 to 10% globally. From this fraction of infection harming the patients, 20 to 30 % of cases show instances where hospital acquired or nosocomial infections arising from non compliance with hand hygiene have been found to be the main cause. As a result mortality rate of the patients has increased thereby creating a burden on the quality control measurement of each and every healthcare sector. World Health Organization's World Alliance for Patient Safety has taken a large number of initiatives over the past two decades for decreasing the rate of infection and death due to hospital acquired infections ( Erasmus et al., 2010). Background: One has to look over the causes that act as the main background of this serious issue. Often excessive load of work due to nursing shortages has become an excuse among the healthcare professional to sacrifice their morality of treatment of patients which in simple words can be compared to forget washing their hands properly with soaps and alcohols (de Wandal et al., 2010). Even physicians are also noticed to be careless enough not to follow the guidelines. The report will contain a detailed analysis of the condition of healthcare sectors that fail to meet the standards of practise in maintenance of proper hygiene especially hand hygiene in intensive care units. It would also provide recommendations that would lead the situations not worsen further along with the implementation of initiatives which would not provide scope to any healthcare professionals to be careless enough to play with lives. PICOT approach: PICOT approach has often been used by researchers to form questions that would help them to summarise their entire concern for the researches in the form of interrogative statement. This helps to derive the main aim of the researches through a number of evidence based practices that helps to clear our concepts in a stepwise manner by availing details in the form of answer to the research question (Riva et al., 2012). By deriving the answer to the questions one can find that the research inferences have been easily achieved and thereby the PICOT format is well acclaimed method acting as search statements. P= Patient population Patients of intensive care units I = Intervention or issue of interest Compliance with Proper hand hygiene C =Comparison intervention Non compliance with proper hand hygiene O = Outcome Reduced infection T = Timeframe 2010 to 2015 Therefore from the above table one can form a research question as in: Do patients admitted in intensive care units have lower rates of infection when the healthcare staffs maintain compliance with proper hand hygiene in comparison to those staffs who do not comply with hand hygiene guidelines? A number of databases that can help one to get evidence based literature to answer the research question are GOOGLE SCHOLAR, PUBMED, PLOS ONE and many others. Wiley online library, Cochrane library and CINHAL library were also consulted for searching good number of articles and journals that would be suitable with the topic provided. Search terms that can be included are Compliance of hand hygiene, intensive care unit patients, infection from hand hygiene, hand hygiene guidelines, factors governing compliance in hand hygiene, recommendations in hand hygiene compliance, Hand hygiene in New Zealand many others. Forming a picot questions and taking the help of search terms help in narrowing our search in the search engines so that proper information can be obtained along with journal articles that would help in forming the status of the hand hygiene status in the hospital in the time framework of 2010 to 2015. Therefore, using correct search times is an important approach towards prope r analysis of the given issue in the nations. Findings of the recommendations: Time related barriers were found to be the main factor that has been reported to be the main reason behind noncompliance with the hand hygiene guidelines. This paper also stated that neither theoretical knowledge, nor moral values and any kind of social influence could not predict the value of the practise of complying health hygiene (De Wandel et al., 2010). This is a level IV of evidence based on an observational study of nurses through questionnaires. It was also noted in an article where systematic reviews confirmed that hand hygiene guidelines are not complied because of high activity level that is overload of work and time management. So proper time management and proper planning of the jobs should be done to solve the issue (Gould et al., 2010). It is a level I evidence as systematic reviews were based on several randomised and nonrandomised trials, which showed more compliance among nurses than physicians, more compliance after patient handling than before patient handling, m ore in other units than in intensive care units that are the ICU nurses are more prone to noncompliance. Similar such conclusions were also provided by Scheithauer et al. (2010) who provided a randomised trial showing high compliance rate be noticed more in neonatal and paediatric nurses than physicians. However, they argued that compliance rate was higher before patient handling and said that nurses were found to following non compliance in 3 fold manner in disinfectant usage. It also showed proper time management to be included in the practical courses during their degree courses. This was level III evidence because several observational studies have been conducted in this arena. Another article revealed that hand hygiene was found to be less followed in the night shifts than in the other shifts. The main activities that were found to be the reason of low compliance were no hand washing after procedure, improper duration of hand washing or no hand washing at all in most of the events and all their rates were found to be less in the night shifts. So education workshops are to be conducted to make the nurses learn the correct ways of hand hygiene compliance and thereby avoid such issues (Casey et al., 2012). It is a level IV of evidence because this article was based on the observational studies conducted over a period of 6 months in multidisciplinary intensive care units. This has been argued by Randle, Arthur Vaughan (2010), where they stated that health care workers show less compliance when working in early shifts and proper monitoring bodies should be fixed for this purpose. This is a level IV of evidence since an observational study was conducted by the researchers within a time span of 24 hours in two hospitals. Moreover a peculiar observation was also made by researchers which stated that hand hygiene compliance was found to be higher in case of high risk procedures than in procedures which involved lower risk showing negligence in their moral ethics and values regarding the maintenance of hygiene for the patients and also to maintain their own health. So proper ethics and moral values are important criteria that should be followed by nurses. (Korniewicz El-Masri, 2010). This is also level IV evidence as the study was based on the observational study conducted in intensive care unit in oncology hospitals. Excessive load of work due to shortage in nursing, time constraints and apathy are other factors that affect the health of the patients leading increase in mortality rate among the intensive care unit (Alsubaie et al., 2013). This is a level 3 evidence found from reviews. The main factors that resulted in the low compliance of hand hygiene are improper knowledge and understanding and proper lack of communication during the academic years. Low levels of knowledge and practical skills were found to be prevalent in newly joined nurses and also among others. This attitude mainly developed from the lack of proper curriculum management and proper theoretical approach in the nursing schools that resulted in lack of proper development of habit in maintenance of hand hygiene (Kelckova, Skodova Straka, 2012). This is level IV evidence based on an observational study. Recommendations in New Zealand health care settings: A number of recommendations can be provided in order to create systems that would help in promoting the habits of proper health hygiene among the health care nurses especially the nurses appointed in intensive care unit of New Zealand. Proper education program and similar workshops can be conducted which would help in making the nurses aware of the importance of hand hygiene. It was seen that there was a decreased rate of patient mortality due to infection after an education program was conducted in the hospital for the nurses on hand hygiene in comparison to that when before the implementation of the education program ( Helder et al., 2010). This proved to be an important initiative that might be taken by the authorities or local communities to reduce the incidences of patient mortality. As this is a level II evidence because randomised trials have been conducted for finding ways to reduce such consequences one can easily implement in the settings of New Zealand. Researchers have st ated that increasing uses of alcohol based hand rub along with a number of educational workshops are not resulting in as much output as required to erase the non-compliance attitude of the nurses in hand hygiene. They suggested that works done over the years have shown utilising multiple strategies including huge number of staffs in planning activities and applying marketing strategies such as social marketing were proved much more helpful. Inclusion od proper mral values and ethics would prevent apathy from nursing individuals but this is a level 4 evidence and therefore it should not be placed on high priority as a recommendation. Another study conducted by Erasmus et al. showed that proper action planning by the healthcare nurses in the hospitals were found to be an effective solution to overcome the habits of noncompliance with the hand hygiene systems. An example of formatted plan can be given as : This is Level II of evidence because a randomised trial was conducted where readings were taken before and after implementation of the program. All the programs mentioned above are relevant to the practises and should be conducted all together in a multistage backdrop so that the positive outcomes of all the possible initiative can have a combined effect on the practice and can be set up in New Zealand. In the month of January in 2009, Auckland District Health Board conducted programs for the implementation of the hand hygiene habits in New Zealand called the Hand Hygiene New Zealand (HHNZ) that resulted in bringing out the best effects in the study conducted. This programme focused on a cultural change based on five important aspects such as roll out and preparations of facility, evaluation of baseline, follow- up evaluation and sustainability. This had a positive impact and showed a considerable decrease in the infection by Streptococcus aureus (Robert et al., 2012). This is a level II evidence Therefore, a culture change programme can be of immense help to the nurses of health care sectors. Moreover health care policies in hand hygiene and dress code policies of New Zealand also suggest the removal of wristwatches, bracelets and other jewellery. This practise is supported by evidence-based literature, which states that use of personal protective environment is a good method (Barratt, 2012). It has been also stated that important organisations should join hands and bring out a collaborative approach against the hand hygiene non-compliance criteria. Therefore, a nurse can be well trained in not only theoretical and practical works but also should develop moral and ethical values that would prevent her from showing excuses like shift timings or workload to be a factors inhibiting them from complying with hand hygiene. It has been reported by researcher Jowitt that The Health Quality Safety Commission (HQSC)had come into a collaborative project with different healthcare professionals , service users and patients to ensure that the people from New Zealand receives the best protection from infection caused due to non compliance with hand hygiene. Five moments for hand hygiene opted by WHO 2009 had been accepted by Australians and New Zealanders. They have even established quarterly newsletter and the website of HHNZ where hand hygiene guidelines are provided along with manuals. This is level VII evidence as it contains the steps taken by the authorities of New Zealand. Conclusions: From the entire report, one can easily understand that the importance of compliance of hand hygiene in the treatment of patients because lives of patients may be at risk because of non-compliance of hand hygiene. An increased risk of infection is a concern due to such habits and therefore it should be an integral part of a nurses daily routine of works while handling of patients (Casey, 2012). Although a large number of factors may be the reasons of the habit of not following the main moments of hand hygiene but the nurses should be careful enough to overcome such barriers and incorporate them into their practises for their own safety as well as for the lives of the people under their treatment. Proper hygiene leads to a health life. References: Alsubaie, S., bin Maither, A., Alalmaei, W., Al-Shammari, A. D., Tashkandi, M., Somily, A. M., ... BinSaeed, A. A. (2013). Determinants of hand hygiene noncompliance in intensive care units.American journal of infection control,41(2), 131-135. Barratt, R. (2012). Hand hygiene correction.Nursing New Zealand (Wellington, N.Z. : 1995),18(9), 3. Casey, M. (2012). Hand hygiene safe practice in the clinical setting.The Dissector: Journal of the Perioperative Nurses College of the New Zealand Nurses Organisation,40(2), 26. De Wandel, D., Maes, L., Labeau, S., Vereecken, C., Blot, S. (2010). Behavioral determinants of hand hygiene compliance in intensive care units.American Journal of Critical Care,19(3), 230-239. Efstathiou, G., Papastavrou, E., Raftopoulos, V., Merkouris, A. (2011). Factors influencing nurses' compliance with Standard Precautions in order to avoid occupational exposure to microorganisms: A focus group study.BMC nursing,10(1), 1. Erasmus, V., Daha, T. J., Brug, H., Richardus, J. H., Behrendt, M. D., Vos, M. C., van Beeck, E. F. (2010). Systematic review of studies on compliance with hand hygiene guidelines in hospital care.Infection Control Hospital Epidemiology,31(03), 283-294. Erasmus, V., Kuperus, M. N., Richardus, J. H., Vos, M. C., Oenema, A., Van Beeck, E. F. (2010). Improving hand hygiene behaviour of nurses using action planning: a pilot study in the intensive care unit and surgical ward.Journal of Hospital Infection,76(2), 161-164. Gould, D. J., Moralejo, D., Drey, N., Chudleigh, J. H. (2010). Interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in patient care.The Cochrane Library. Hand hygiene cuts blood-borne infections in auckland hospitals. (2012).The Dissector: Journal of the Perioperative Nurses College of the New Zealand Nurses Organisation,40(1), 10. Helder, O. K., Brug, J., Looman, C. W., van Goudoever, J. B., Kornelisse, R. F. (2010). The impact of an education program on hand hygiene compliance and nosocomial infection incidence in an urban neonatal intensive care unit: an intervention study with before and after comparison.International journal of nursing studies,47(10), 1245-1252. Jowitt, D. (2012). Improving safety in health care: Of the three infection prevention and control programmes being led by the health quality safety commission, hand hygiene remains fundamental.Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand,18(10), 31. Kelckova, S., Skodova, Z., Straka, S. (2012). Effectiveness of hand hygiene education in a basic nursing school curricula.Public Health Nursing,29(2), 152-159. Koff, M. D., Corwin, H. L., Beach, M. L., Surgenor, S. D., Loftus, R. W. (2011). Reduction in ventilator associated pneumonia in a mixed intensive care unit after initiation of a novel hand hygiene program.Journal of critical care,26(5), 489-495. Korniewicz, D. M., El-Masri, M. (2010). Exploring the factors associated with hand hygiene compliance of nurses during routine clinical practice.Applied Nursing Research,23(2), 86-90. Marra, A. R., Moura, D. F., Paes, A. T., Dos Santos, O. F. P., Edmond, M. B. (2010). Measuring rates of hand hygiene adherence in the intensive care setting: a comparative study of direct observation, product usage, and electronic counting devices.Infection Control Hospital Epidemiology,31(08), 796-801. Randle, J., Arthur, A., Vaughan, N. (2010). Twenty-four-hour observational study of hospital hand hygiene compliance.Journal of Hospital Infection,76(3), 252-255. Riva, J. J., Malik, K. M., Burnie, S. J., Endicott, A. R., Busse, J. W. (2012). What is your research question? An introduction to the PICOT format for clinicians.The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association,56(3), 167. Roberts, S. A., Sieczkowski, C., Campbell, T., Balla, G., Keenan, A. (2012). Implementing and sustaining a hand hygiene culture change programme at Auckland District Health Board.The New Zealand Medical Journal (Online),125(1354), 75. Sahay, S., Panja, S., Ray, S., Rao, B. K. (2010). Diurnal variation in hand hygiene compliance in a tertiary level multidisciplinary intensive care unit.American journal of infection control,38(7), 535-539. Scheithauer, S., Oude-Aost, J., Heimann, K., Haefner, H., Schwanz, T., Waitschies, B., ... Lemmen, S. W. (2011). Hand hygiene in pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit patients: daily opportunities and indication-and profession-specific analyses of compliance.American journal of infection control,39(9), 732-737.

Tanishq Competition Analysis free essay sample

Tanishq has established itself as the most desirable and trustworthy jewelry brand in India. The product portfolio includes jewellery for everyday wear and for occasions, in 22-carat gold, diamonds and precious gemstones. Tanishq grew by 57 per cent to Rs. 2,028 crore during financial year 2008 on the back of retail expansion and improvement in per-store growth. There is an immense scope for further growth as Tanishq comprises a small share of the overall Rs 70,000-crore Indian jewellery market i. e. 2. 89%. But in the organized retailing it has a whopping 40% market share. Among the branded jewellery players in the Indian market, Tanishq is considered to be a trendsetter. Accordingly, the companys ad campaigns emphasised the purity aspect of all Tanishq ornaments. In November 2002, Tanishq introduced a new collection of jewellery called Lightweights. The collection featured neckwear, earrings, bangles, rings and chains in 22 karat gold with prices starting at Rs 1,100. Tanishq focused not only on urban markets, but small town markets as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Tanishq Competition Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Carbons focus had always been to move jewellery from the vault to the dressing table and bring the selling of jewellery out of heavily guarded jewellery stores. This was achieved by persuading a few lifestyle stores to add branded jewellery to their vast array of products. Besides selling from lifestyle stores, Carbon also sold its products as gift items over the internet. Diamond was the preferred precious stone, but other colored stones were also used. Comprising items of everyday use, (rings, chains, bracelets, ear studs, tie-pins and cuff links) Carbon items were an impulse purchases. While the cost of traditional jewellery was negotiable, the cost of Carbon items was fixed and nationally uniform. GILI Gili was launched in 1994, targeting mainly the youth who wanted to celebrate Valentines day. Gili distributed its jewellery priced between Rs. 500 and Rs. 40,000 through lifestyle and department stores across the country to increase accessibility among its target segment, the 15 to 30 age group. The companys products were also made available through a mail-order catalogue. All Gili products came with a guarantee of diamond and gold quality. In 2000, Gili launched its diamond heart collection targeted at teenagers and priced between Rs 500 and Rs. 2500. The collection was promoted at college campuses with banners, pamphlets and a few advertisements targeted at teens. Gili soon realized that just pushing its product was not enough; it also had to customize its products for special occasions. Following this, it launched a Diamond Heart Collection specially designed for Valentines Day. Gili also made special promotional offers during festive seasons like Christmas and Diwali. Tanishq Competition Analysis free essay sample Tanishq has established itself as the most desirable and trustworthy jewelry brand in India. The product portfolio includes jewellery for everyday wear and for occasions, in 22-carat gold, diamonds and precious gemstones. Tanishq grew by 57 per cent to Rs. 2,028 crore during financial year 2008 on the back of retail expansion and improvement in per-store growth. There is an immense scope for further growth as Tanishq comprises a small share of the overall Rs 70,000-crore Indian jewellery market i. e. 2. 89%. But in the organized retailing it has a whopping 40% market share. Among the branded jewellery players in the Indian market, Tanishq is considered to be a trendsetter. GILI: In 1994, Gili Jewellery was established as a distinct brand by Gitanjali Jewels. Gili offered a wide range of 18-carat plain gold and diamond-studded jewellery, designed for the contemporary Indian woman. Mumbai-based Tribhovandas Bhimji Zaveri (TBZ), opened its new concept store Trendsmith in Mumbai in December 2001. We will write a custom essay sample on Tanishq Competition Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Encouraged by the response towards its first store, the Zaveris planned to take Trendsmith (India) Pvt. Ltd. all over the nation by opening as many as 100 stores by 2010. CARBON: In early 1991, the Bangalore based Peakok Jewellery Pvt. Ltd. , was incorporated. In 1996, a new brand of 18-carat gold-based jewellery called Carbon was launched. Tanishq worked hard on a two-pronged brand-building strategy: cultivate trust by educating customers about the unethical practices in the business and change the perception of jewellery as a high-priced purchase. Tanishqs strategy was to create differentiation and build trust. According to Kurian, the first part of the strategy was to provide a point of differentiation in a highly commoditized category which is the whole point of branding. The second part of the strategy was to project Tanishq as an unimpeachable mark of trust. One way to create differentiation was through design. Tanishqs USP was the purity of its gold. Accordingly, the companys ad campaigns emphasised the purity aspect of all Tanishq ornaments. In November 2002, Tanishq introduced a new collection of jewellery called Lightweights. The collection featured neckwear, earrings, bangles, rings and chains in 22 karat gold with prices starting at Rs 1,100. Tanishq focused not only on urban markets, but small town markets as well. CARBON Carbons focus had always been to move jewellery from the vault to the dressing table and bring the selling of jewellery out of heavily guarded jewellery stores. This was achieved by persuading a few lifestyle stores to add branded jewellery to their vast array of products. Besides selling from lifestyle stores, Carbon also sold its products as gift items over the internet. Diamond was the preferred precious stone, but other colored stones were also used. Comprising items of everyday use, (rings, chains, bracelets, ear studs, tie-pins and cuff links) Carbon items were an impulse purchases. While the cost of traditional jewellery was negotiable, the cost of Carbon items was fixed and nationally uniform. GILI Gili was launched in 1994, targeting mainly the youth who wanted to celebrate Valentines day. Gili distributed its jewellery priced between Rs. 500 and Rs. 40,000 through lifestyle and department stores across the country to increase accessibility among its target segment, the 15 to 30 age group. The companys products were also made available through a mail-order catalogue. All Gili products came with a guarantee of diamond and gold quality. In 2000, Gili launched its diamond heart collection targeted at teenagers and priced between Rs 500 and Rs. 2500. The collection was promoted at college campuses with banners, pamphlets and a few advertisements targeted at teens. Gili soon realized that just pushing its product was not enough; it also had to customize its products for special occasions. Following this, it launched a Diamond Heart Collection specially designed for Valentines Day. Gili also made special promotional offers during festive seasons like Christmas and Diwali. Trendsmith specialized in premium, exclusive and modern looking jewellery distinct from TBZs traditional designs. The brands USP was that every piece of jewellery was exclusive and unique. There were different collections for babies, teenagers and weddings. According to Samrat Zaveri, Managing Director, Trendsmith is a store for those with little time and big pockets. Trendsmith laid emphasis on affordable, fashionable jewellery. It changed its collection every season. Trendsmith also had a design studio where customers could design their own jewellery. The company advertised in womens fashion and lifestyle magazines since the readers of such magazines formed 80 percent of its clientele.